Ch-11 Computer Network
A computer network is a group of two or more interconnected devices such as computers, smartphones, printers, or servers that communicate with each other using cables or Wi-Fi to share data, files, internet access, and hardware resources. Example : Home Wi-Fi Network , Office or School Computer Lab Network etc.Advantages of Computer network
1. Resource Sharing
2. Easy Data Sharing
3. Centralized Data Management
4. Improved CommunicationDisadvantages of computer network
1. Cyberattacks and Data Theft
2. Privacy Breaches
3. Malware and Virus Spread
4. Central Server Dependency
5. High Setup and Maintenance CostsThe Internet:
A global system of interconnected computer networks that communicate using the TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) suite. Device required to use internet
(i) Modem (translates signal from ISP)
(ii) Router (distributes connection to multiple devices)
(iii) Connecting Cable (Fiber, Coaxial, or Ethernet)
(iv) Network Interface Card / Wi-Fi Adapter (built into devices to receive signal)
(v) End-User Device (Smartphone, Computer, or Smart TV)Types of Computer Network
LAN (Local Area Network): Connects computers and devices across a small, limited geographical area, such as a single home, office, or school building. It offers high data transfer speeds and is typically owned and managed by a single organization or individual.
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): Covers a larger geographical area than a LAN, such as an entire city, town, or large university campus. It often interconnects multiple local networks using high-speed fiber-optic cables or microwave links, typically operated by a municipality or telecommunications provider.
WAN (Wide Area Network): Spans vast geographical distances, connecting devices across cities, countries, or the entire globe. It relies on public networks, satellites, and leased telecommunication lines, with the internet being the largest and most prominent example of a WAN.Email
Email (Electronic Mail) is a digital service for sending, receiving, and storing messages over the internet.
Common Uses of Email
i. Communication: Exchanging quick messages or updates with family, friends, and colleagues.
ii. Professional Work: Sending formal correspondence, reports, job applications, and business files.
iii. Account Registrations: Creating and managing accounts across apps, websites, and online services.
iv. File Sharing: Attaching documents, images, and spreadsheets to messages.How to Create a New Gmail Account
i. Go to gmail.com and click Create account (select For my personal use).
ii. Enter your First Name and Last Name, then click Next.
iii. Input your Basic Information (Birthday and Gender) and click Next.
iv. Choose an Email Address from the suggested options or create your own custom address.
v. Create a strong Password, confirm it, and click Next.
vi. Enter a Phone Number or Recovery Email for account security (optional/skip where applicable).
vii. Review and Agree to Google's Privacy and Terms to complete setup.
