1.Fill in the blanks:
(a) Internet is network of computer networks.
(b) During 1960s, the Department of Defense of the United States started a project of computer network called ARPANET.
(c) The World Wide Web or "the web" is a huge collections of websites.
(d) Protocols are set of rules and regulations through which networks operations and communication are conducted.
(e) Cloud computing provides the services such as data storage, software usage and software development.
(f) A home page is the main page of the websites.
2. State whether the following statements are true or false:
(a) Domain Name Sever converts IP address into web site name. False
(b) A web client is the computer connected to the server. True
(c) Web pages are stored in web servers. True
(d) Download can refer to sending of data from a user's computer system to a remote system. False
(e) Internet address in a special format, called Uniform Resource Locator(URL). True
(f) A webpage is a document formatted with a special language called HTML. True
3. Write down the full forms for the following:
(a) HTML = Hyper Text Mark Up Language
(b) HTTP = Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
(c) URL = Uniform Resource Locator
(d) IoT = Internet of Things
(e) ARPANET = Advanced Research Project Agency Network
(f) WWW = World Wide Web
(g) SSL = Security Sockets Layer
(h) TLS = Transport Layer Security
(i) DNS = Domain Name Server
(j) TCP/IP = Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
4. Write the technical terms for the following:
(a) Computer technology that connects vehicles, hospitals, government houses, offices, industries through internet connectivity
(f) What are protocols? Give some examples of it.
Answer: Sets of rules that the computers on the network must follow to communicate and to exchange data with each other is called protocol.
Examples of Protocols are: TCP/IP, FTP , HTTP etc.
IoT (Internet of Things)
(b) Software that display information from the web site Web Browser
(c) Service provided to the user from the remote servers through internetCloud Computing
(d) Protocol that is used to make communication between the client's browser and the web serverHyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
(e) Collection of related web pages Web site
(f) Links from one HTML page to other pages or another section of the same document.Hyper Text
(g) Server that converts web site name to its IP address.Domain Name Server
5. Answer the following questions in short:
(a) What is internet of things?
Answer: An emerging technology across the world, which helps to connect sensors, vehicles, hospitals, industries and consumers through internet connectivity is called IoT.
(b) Name the first computer network system.
Answer: Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET)
(c) What is WWW?
Answer: World Wide Web, which is also known as a Web, is a collection of websites or web pages stored in web servers and connected to local computers through the internet.
(d) What is web server?
Answer: A web server is a computer which gives services to other computers connected to the Web or World Wide Web.
(e) What is web client?
Answer: A web client is the computer connected to the server.
(f) What is the another name of address of web site?
Answer: URL (Uniform Resource Locator).
(g) What is hyperlink or hotspot?
Answer: Clicking on a section of a text or an image in one HTML document switches to another document or image or another section of the same document. The text or images that creates such links is called hyperlink or hotspot.
6. Answer the following questions:
(a) Define internet. Write about the history of internet in brief.
Answer: A global system of interconnected computers, using a standardised Internet Protocol suite for communication and sharing information is called the Internet.
History is ONLY for understanding purpose
The Internet started in the 1960s as a way for government researchers to share information. Computers in the '60s were large and immobile and in order to make use of information stored in any one computer, one had to either travel to the site of the computer or have magnetic computer tapes sent through the conventional postal system.
Another catalyst in the formation of the Internet was the heating up of the Cold War. The Soviet Union's launch of the Sputnik satellite spurred the U.S. Defense Department to consider ways information could still be disseminated even after a nuclear attack. This eventually led to the formation of the ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), the network that ultimately evolved into what we now know as the Internet. ARPANET was a great success but membership was limited to certain academic and research organizations who had contracts with the Defense Department. In response to this, other networks were created to provide information sharing.
January 1, 1983 is considered the official birthday of the Internet. Prior to this, the various computer networks did not have a standard way to communicate with each other. A new communications protocol was established called Transfer Control Protocol/Internetwork Protocol (TCP/IP). This allowed different kinds of computers on different networks to "talk" to each other. ARPANET and the Defense Data Network officially changed to the TCP/IP standard on January 1, 1983, hence the birth of the Internet. All networks could now be connected by a universal language.
(b) What is browser? Give any two examples of it.
Answer: An application program that is stored in the user's computer, used to view the information of documents or Web Pages from around the world is called Web Browser. Example: Google Chrome, Microsoft Internet Explorer (IE) etc.
(c) What is URL? Give an example of it showing its different elements.
Answer: HTTP uses the internet address in special format, is called Uniform Resource Locator (URL). It contains protocol, the server name , the directory name and the file name. Example: https://www.plkcomputersir.blogspot.com/p/welcome.html Here, https is protocol, www.plkcomputersir.blogspot.com is Server Name , P is directory , welcome.html is Webpage.
(d) Define home page and web page.
Answer: Home Page: The main page of the website which displays the introductory part of the website is called home page.
Web Page: A web page is a document formatted with a special language called HTML.
(e) Differentiate between upload and download.
Answer:
| Upload | Download |
|---|---|
| 1. The sending of data from local system to a remote system such as a server with the intent that the remote system should store a copy of the data being transferred is called Upload. | 1. Receiving data to a local system from a remote system, or to initiate such a data transfer from a web server, email server, or similar systems is called Download. |
| 2. Example of Upload : Changing the profile picture by uploading new image | 2. Example of Download: Downloading the gradesheet card from website |
End of Chapter - 9